农户室内空气污染现状案例分析

本文选择中国中西部农村地区,对不同自然条件、经济条件、生活习惯和用能结构下,农户室内空气质量的状况进行了实地调研和现场测试,并就室内空气污染物的浓度及其影响因素进行了较为系统地分析探讨。结果表明,农村室内CO、SO2、PM2.5污染严重,三种污染物日平均浓度最高值分别超过国家标准8、38和4倍。CO、SO2、PM2.5超标农户所占比例均过半,其中用煤户SO2达到81.95%。除用煤户日均浓度较高外,各农户室内污染物浓度峰值主要出现在用火期间,如做饭、温热猪食或取暖。农户日平均用火时间超过3 h,用火期间污染物浓度是日平均浓度的3~4倍。

Casus analysis of rural indoor air quality

With the rapid development of the rural urbanization,farmers get to pay more attention to the improvement of living quality,but no consciousness of health influence caused by indoor air pollutants.In order to resolve the problem,twelve villages in middle-western rural areas of China were selected to be studied.Indoor air quality(IAQ) was investigated with different nature condition,economic condition,living habits and energy structure,and experimental monitoring was carried out through a simulative kitchen.The IAQ conditions and(influence) factors were discussed and the relativity of the concentration of different pollutants in the flue was analyzed based on the results of investigation and monitoring.A predicting model was established and validated with the data observed in the experiments.The results show that the bad IAQ in the rural area were contributed from CO,SO_2 and PM_(2.5) and these pollutant concentrations reached to its peak during the period of cooking and heating activities.The influence factors of rural indoor pollutants concentration included fuel types,stove types,combustion speed,and ventilation status,etc.