葡萄种间杂交浆果颜色的遗传表现

从山葡萄(Vitis amurensis Rupr)、桑叶葡萄(Vitis vificifolia Burge)即董氏葡萄(Vitis Thunbergii Sieb et Zuce)等野生种与栽培品种杂交第一代、第二代的57个组合,1988株浆果颜色的遗传表现表明:它们的杂交一代均呈黑色,很少分离。第二代分离显著。以杂交一代黑色株系与绿果的米勒·图高重交,它们的绿果后代均达50％;与紫果玫瑰香回交,多分离出约20％的绿果植株。桑叶葡萄组合杂交一代与巴立斯坦、白根地、伊丽莎白等绿果品种重交,有40％—50％的绿果后代。贝特组合二代的绿果株系与绿果品种杂交,后代全为绿果植株。不同种组合之间的复合杂交,后代分离显著。

INHERITANCE OF THE BERRY COLOR IN INTERSPECIFIC CROSSES OF GRAPEVINES

This paper summarized the inheritance of the berry color in interspecific crosses between vitis amurensis Rupr, V. vificifolia Burge. V. thunbergii sieb et zucc and Vo vinifera L. The interspecific progenies comprised 1988 seedlings of F_1 and F_2 hybrids from 57 parental combinations, The results showed that all F_1 hybrids has berries of black color, and marked segregation of berry color was observed in F_2 hybrids. In case of recrosses between F_1 hybrids with black berries and 'Muller-Thurgau' with green berries, the percentage of green berry genotypes in the progeny reaches 50%. Approximately 20% of green berry seedlings was segregated in the progeny of most combinations when backcross was made between F_1 hybrids and Muscat Hamburg with purple berrics. In recrosses between F_1 hybrids of V. vificifolia and V. vinifera varieties with green berries such as 'Palestine', 'White Burgundy' and 'Elizabeth' ,40%—50% of seedlings with green berries in the progeny were obtained. In crosses between F_2 hybrids with green berries of Vitis vulpina 'Beta' and green berry varieties, all seedlings in the progeny had green berries only. Marked segregation of berry color was bserved in compound crosses between different inlerspeeific combinations.