‘京白梨’与‘鸭梨’正反交后代果实性状遗传倾向研究

 以‘京白梨’与‘鸭梨’及其正反交后代为材料，研究了果实性状的遗传倾向。结果表明：‘京白梨’与‘鸭梨’杂交后代果实性状大多为多基因控制的数量性状。杂种后代果实有变小的趋势，平均遗传传递力为77.14%，平均变异系数为38.26%。果实可溶性固形物与可溶性糖都呈升高的趋势，后代平均超高亲率分别为97.25%和35.28%。正反交后代果实硬度均呈增大的趋势，平均遗传传递力为123.81%。可滴定酸有增加的趋势，平均变异系数为51.1%。果实维生素C的遗传正反交倾向不同。果实石细胞有明显增多的趋势，后代平均遗传传递力达到了182.62%。

Studies on Genetic Tendency of Fruit Characters in Reciprocal Crosses Generation Between' Jingbaili' and 'Yali'Pear Cultivars

‘Jingbaili’，‘Yali’ pear cultivars and their F1 offspring of reciprocal crossing were used to study genetic tendency of some fruit characters. The results showed that，most of the fruit characters were quantitative and controlled by polygenic. Fruit size was observed to be smaller in F1 generation，with the average transmitting ability and average coefficient of variation as 77.14% and 38.26% respectively. Compared with parent’s fruit，increase of soluble solids and soluble sugar content were obtained together in the hybrid fruits，97.25% and 35.28%，higher than those of parents respectively basing on average values. Firmness and titratable acid also tended to be higher than parents，with the average transmitting ability and coefficient of variation as 123.81% and 51.1% respectively. Same for content of stone cells，it was significant higher in F1 generation，and the value of average transmitting ability was up to 182.62%. As regards the vitamin C content，fruit of F1 generation had opposite genetic tendency when‘Jingbaili’or‘Yali’was as pollen parent.