基于专利地图的农业机器人技术发展态势研究

农业机器人是农机产业的重要潜在发展方向,可提升农机企业核心竞争力、驱动科技创新及促进农业生产效率提升。为此,针对农业机器人技术绘制专利地图,从发展趋势、重点技术领域、地域分布、竞争机构及高引专利等方面开展态势研究,以为相关政府部门、企业和高校院所进一步发展农业机器人产业和技术提供情报支撑。研究结果表明:农业机器人技术真正的发展阶段出现在1993年以后,总体呈现出快速增长,而且这一趋势延续至今。机械手的末端执行器、自动导航及目标探测与定位是该领域的重点研发技术,而收获机器人、田间作业机器人、植保机器人是该领域的重点研发种类。我国近年来对于农业机器人技术的研发热情高涨,申请有大量相关专利,但专利质量相对美国和日本较低,核心专利缺失,技术水平还有待进一步提高。此外,还从政府、企业和产业园区3个层面提出了我国进一步发展农业机器人技术的对策建议。

Studies on the Development Status of Agricultural Robot Related Technologies Based on Patent Map

Agricultural robot is an important potential development direction for agricultural machinery industry, which can improve the core competitiveness of relevant companies, drive technological innovations and promote the increase of agricultural production efficiency.In this article, based on the patent map of agricultural robot related technologies, the development status is investigated from five aspects, including development trend, key technology fields, regional distri-bution, rival agencies and highly cited patents, to provide intelligence support for further development of agricultural ro-bot industry and technologies by related government, companies, universities and research institutes.Research results in-dicate that agricultural robot related technologies began a rapid development around 1995 and up to now.End effector of manipulator, automatic guidance and target detection&location are key technologies of R&D.Harvesting robot, field op-eration robot and crop protection robot are key species of R&D.China has great R&D enthusiasm towards agricultural ro-bot related technologies in recent years, and has applied a large number of patents.However, compared to USA and Ja-pan, the patent quality of China is a bit lower and China lacks core patents.Thus, the technological level of China in ag-ricultural robot field needs further improvement.Moreover, countermeasures and suggestions are presented for the devel-opment of agricultural robot in China from three levels, including government, companies and industrial parks.