20世纪中国乡村林业变迁初探

论述了 2 0世纪中国乡村林种与树种变迁及其发展热点 ,探讨了各时期发展乡村林业的异同措施和变迁机理

On Changes of Chinese Rural Forestry During 20th Century

Chinese rural forestry developed from the old Chinese rural forestry,commune rural forestry and that after Reform and Open Policy during 20^th century.The first stage,which was based on development of history,mainly consisted of such styles of forests as forest for special products,estate geomantic forest and clan catacomb memorial forest.Most of the trees used are traditional and excellent rural species.The second stage,wich took the demands of the nation,colective and farmers into amount,consisted of such styles of forest as timber forest,forest for special products, fuel wood forest,protection forest and "four sides" afforesting forest.The tree species was monotonous except forest for special products.The third one,which speeded on reforesting from farming and strengthened small basin management according to the construction and development of the social economy and ecology,had got a big success in rural forest for special products.That the different management in different period and the inner mechanism of rural forestry changes in 20^th century(market demands,Sci-tech improvement and popularization,benefit mechanism)would be important in historical judgment for rural forestryconstruction in future.