杏品种叶芽的保护酶变化与抗寒性的关系

目的]为选育和鉴定杏的抗寒品种提供理论依据。方法]观察6个抗寒性不同的杏品种休眠期叶芽的SOD、POD酶活性变化,研究酶变化与抗寒性的关系。结果]抗寒性强的串枝红SOD酶活性1月份比12月份增加了1.89倍,抗寒性较强的兰州杏和鸡蛋杏分别增加了1.73和1.61倍,抗寒性较弱的意大利2号的增加量最少。各品种1月份的POD酶活性普遍增长,但上升幅度各不相同,增长最明显的是串枝红和兰州杏,分别由12月份的958、3 U/g.(FW)]增加到1月份的1911、46 U/g.(FW)],2月份又有所下降。结论]不同杏品种之间存在抗寒性差别,串枝红和兰州杏的SOD、POD酶活性保持较好,抗寒性较强,可利用品种的抗寒资源进行育种。

Relationship between the Changes of Protective Enzyme and the Cold Tolerance of Leaf Buds of Apricot Varieties

Objective] The aim of the study was to provide theoretical basis for breeding and identifying cold-resistant varieties of apricot.Method] Changes in SOD and POD activities in leaf bud during dormant period of 6 apricot varieties with different cold-resistances were observed to study the relationship between enzyme change and cold-resistance.Result] SOD activity in Chuanzhihong with strong cold-resistance increased by 1.89 times in January than that in December and that in Lanzhouxing and Jidanxing with stronger cold-resistance increased by 1.73 and 1.61 times resp.,and that in Italy 2 with weaker cold-resistance increased least.POD activity in each variety increased generally in January with different increments and that in Chuanzhihong and Lanzhouxing increased most obviously,increasing from 95 and 83 U/g·(FW)] in December to 191 and 146 U/g·(FW)] in January resp.,and then decreased a little in February.Conclusion] There was cold-resistance difference among different apricot varieties.Chuanzhihong and Lanzhouxing can keep SOD and POD activities better and had stronger cold-resistance.The cold-resistance difference among varieties could be utilized to breed varieties with better cold-resistance.