生物有机肥对田间蔬菜根际土壤中病原菌和功能菌组成的影响

利用实时荧光定量PCR方法对田间条件下连作番茄和辣椒施用生物有机肥(BOF)和常规施肥(CK)的根际土壤微生物中青枯病原菌和功能菌群(固氮菌和荧光假单胞菌)的数量进行定量研究.结果表明:与CK相比,BOF处理的番茄和辣椒产量分别提高了26.0％和19.9％,青枯病发病率分别降低了41.5％和44.7％,番茄和辣椒植株根际土壤固氮菌数量分别增加了23.5％和25.8％、荧光假单胞菌数量分别增加了29.5％和20.2％、病原菌数量分别减少了73.2％和90.1％.生物有机肥能够调控根际微生物区系的组成,降低土传病害的发病率,促进作物健康生长；实时荧光定量PCR方法能够快速准确地检测根际土壤中功能微生物种群数量变化.

Effect of bio-organic fertilizer on pathogenic and functional bacteria composition in rhizospheric soil of field vegetables

Populations of pathogenic Ralstonia solanacearum and functional bacteria groups in the rhizospheric soils of continuous cropping tomato and pepper applied with a kind of bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) and with conventional fertilizer (CK) were studied using the real-time quantitative PCR techniques. As compared with CK, BOF increased the yields of tomato and pepper by 26.0% and 19.9%, respectively, and decreased the incidence of bacterial wilt on tomato and pepper by 41.5% and 44.7%, respectively. BOF increased the population of Azotobacter and Pseudomonas flurosecens by 23.5% and 29.5%, and by 25.8% and 20.2%, and decreased the population of R. solanacearum by 73.2% and by 90.1%, respectively, in the rhizospheric soil of healthy tomato and pepper. In conclusion, the bio-organic fertilizer is capable of regulating the composition of microflora in rhizosphere soil of crops, reducing the incidence of soil-borne plant disease, and promoting plant growth. Real time PCR techniques are quick and accurate in determination of the population of functional microbes in soil.