低温敏核不育系与光温敏核不育系杂交后代育性遗传的初步研究

go543S是低温诱导花粉不育的隐性核不育水稻，农垦58S是长日高温诱导花粉不育的隐性核不育水稻。为了研究诱导花粉不育条件相反的隐性不育基因之间的关系，用低温敏核不育水稻go543S与光温敏核不育水稻农垦58S以及由农垦58S衍生的光温敏核不育系7001S、培矮64S、长选3S配制4个杂种F₁，结果表明在自然长日高温、短日低温和不同人工光、温处理条件下杂交F₁的花粉均为不育，自交结实率为0，没有像go543S或农垦58S的育性转换期。分别用go543S、农垦58S作父本与杂种F₁回交，回交组合中像父本具有育性转换期的不育株的比例约50%，与杂种F₁一样的终生不育株约50%，符合隐性基因回交1∶1的分离比。

Preliminary Studies on Heredity of Fertility for Low Temperature Induced Genic Male Sterile Line and Photoperiod (thermo)-Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Line in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Since the mutant(Nongken 58S) in Nongken 58(Oryza sativa ssp.japonica) was found by SHI Ming-Song in Hubei Province in 1973,many P(T)GMS(photoperiod(thermo)-sensitive genic male sterile) lines derived from Nongken 58S have been developed.Nongken 58S is PGMS(photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile) rice which fertilize in short day-length and low temperature condition and sterilize in long day-length and high temperature condition.Genetic studies have shown that PGMS gene of Nongken 58S is governed by one or two recessive genes.Allelism of sterile genes of Nongken 58S and its derivative lines was founded that sterile gene of Nongken 58S is allelic to that of P(T)GMS line derived from Nongken 58S,but not allelic to non-Nongken 58S derivative P(T)GMS lines.go543S is low temperature induced recessive genic male sterile rice which fertilize in high temperature condition and sterilize in low temperature condition.In order to study the interaction of those recessive sterile genes whose effects of photoperiod and temperature on the fertility are reverse,7 hybrids between go543S and Nongken 58S and its derivatives 7001S,Pei'ai 64S,Changxuan 3S and 8 backcrosses were made.Hybrids F_1 was sterile during whole growth season under natural condition(2004,Changsha,Hunan,China),which indicated that sterile genes of go543S was phenotypically allelic to gene of P(T)GMS lines derived from Nongken 58S.However the hybrids F_1 did not fertilized in high temperature condition as go543S did,and did not fertilized in low temperature and short day-length condition either as Nongken 58S and its' derivatives.It is evident that the genes of P(T)GMS rice are epistasis to the genes of go543S under high temperature with long day-length,while under low temperature with short day-length the genes of go543S are epistasis to the genes of P(T)GMS rice.Similar results were obtained from greenhouse treatment under long day-length and high temperature condition and short day-length and low temperature condition.Frequency distribution of fertile segregation in the backcross of the hybrids of go543S and P(T)GMS rice was founded that the backcrosses with female parent go543S were recorded half low temperature induced recessive genic male sterile plants whose fertility was similar to that of go543S,while those with male parents were recorded half P(T)GMS plants which were fertile under low temperature with short day-length,indicating goodness-of-fit to Medelian ratio for recessive sterile genes.