氮肥和密度对宁冬11号分蘖成穗及产量的影响

采用裂区设计,研究不同施氮量和播种密度对宁冬11号分蘖成穗及穗部结实特性的影响。结果表明,施氮量为90~270kg/hm2时,随着施氮量增加,宁冬11号冬分蘖力、成穗率、有效穗数及产量均增加,当施氮量达到360kg/hm2时全部降低;施氮量对结实小穗数、穗粒质量的影响呈单峰曲线,分别在180kg/hm2和270kg/hm2时达到峰值。随着播种密度增加,分蘖成穗率、结实小穗数、穗粒质量均降低,且对结实小穗数和穗粒质量的影响显著。宁夏引黄灌区冬小麦品种宁冬11号在适宜播期的最佳肥密组合为施氮量270kg/hm2,播种密度600万/hm2。

Effects of Nitrogen Application and Density on Tillers Growing into Spikes and Yield of Ningdong 11

In order to achieve the yield potential of winter wheat cultivar and develop a set of good combination of ellite variety with mached cultivation techniques, the effects of nitrogen application and density on tillers growing into spikes and spikes setting character of Ningdong 11 was studied by using split plot design in this paper. The results showed that as nitrogen application increasing from 90 kg/hm² to 270 kg/hm², tillering ability, the spike rate, the effective tillers and yield were increased in Yellow river Ningxia valley. However, each of them was lower as nitrogen application was 360 kg/hm².Effect of nitrogen application on spikelet number and grain mass per spike showed a single peak curve, and reached the peak values in treatments of 180 kg/hm² and 270 kg/hm², respectively. As planting density increased, percentage of tillers growing into spikes, substantial number of spikelets and grain mass per spike decreased, and it significantly affected substantial number of spikelets and grain mass per spike. Within suitable planting days, the best combination of nitrogen application and density for winter wheat Ningdong 11 is 270 kg/hm² of nitrogen application and 600×10 /hm of seeding density.