黑麦草套种时间对烤烟产质量的影响

通过田间小区试验,研究不同时间套种黑麦草对烤烟产量和质量的影响。结果表明,随着团棵期至现蕾期套种黑麦草时间的提前,各部位烟叶的物理特性得到了显著改善,使其更趋近优质烟标准;不同套种时间处理的烟叶化学成分更为协调,各部位烟叶淀粉、总糖和还原糖含量更趋于合理,显著降低了上部叶总氮、烟碱含量及中下部叶的氯含量,糖碱比相对提高,下部叶钾含量和钾氯比提高均较显著;小幅减少了烟叶产量,降幅为1.31%~1.97%,显著增加了产值、均价,两者的增幅分别为2.74%~5.58%、4.81%~6.98%,提高了中上等烟比例,提高幅度为2.16%~3.97%,达到了稳产和提质作用;以移栽后30d套种黑麦草的烟叶品质最佳,产量、产值较高。

Effect of Interplanting Time of Ryegrass on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

The field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different interplanting time of ryegrass on tobacco yield and quality. The results showed that early interplanting ryegrass to tobacco between resettling stage to squaring stage significantly improved the physical characteristics in different part of tobacco leaves, and approached to the standard of high quality tobacco. With the treatment of interplanting ryegrass in different time, the chemical components in tobacco leaves became more balanced and the content of starch, total sugar and reducing sugar in different parts of tobacco leaves became more reasonable. The content of total nitrogen and nicotine in upper leaves and the content of chlorine in middle and lower leaves were significantly reduced while the sugar alkali was relatively increased. The content of potassium and the ratio of potassium to chlorine were significantly increased in lower leaves. The yield of tobacco leaves was reduced slightly by 1.31%-1.97%, but its output value, average price and the percentage of mid-high grade leaves increased by 2.74%-5.58%, 4.81%-6.98% and 2.16%-3.97%,respectively, which were significant at P<0.05, and achieved stabilizing the yield and quality. The quality of tobacco leaves was the best and the yield, the output value was relatively high when interplant ryegrass to tobacco after transplanting for 30 days.