扰动与种子添加方式对亚高山草甸植物种子出苗的影响

目的]揭示局域物种多样性的形成与位点状况之间的关系,即物种多样性如何特异性地依赖于位点条件以及现实多样性和物种组成如何影响新的建植。方法]利用野外田间试验,在不同扰动、不同种子添加方式处理下对12种亚高山草甸植物出苗建植情况进行观察研究。结果]不同程度的扰动使处于不同演替阶段的植被形成不同大小、数量和类型的空白位点,创建特定微生境条件,满足了不同物种繁殖体萌发及其幼苗建植的需求,即扰动处理会影响绝大多数物种的种子出苗及幼苗的建植。在演替后期的自然植被区,出苗的10个物种中有7个在中度扰动下出苗及建植成功率最高;而在演替早期的撂荒地有4个物种在无扰动条件下,4个在中度扰动条件下出苗及建植成功率最高。结论]大多数物种在重度扰动即空白位点最多的处理下没有最高的出苗及建植成功率,种子添加方式也对大多数物种的出苗有显著影响。

Effect of the Different Disturbance and Addition of Seed on the Seedling Emergence of 12 Sub-alpine Meadow Plants

Objective] The relation between the formation of the regional plant community diversity and its position was explored,which was how the diversity specially depended on the local condition and how the realization of the diversity and its community affected the recruitment of new populations.The outside field experiment in the effect of different disturbances and different adding method of seed on the seedling emergence and plantation establishment of 12 sub-alpine meadow plants was carried out.Results] The blank point with the various area,number and species of the vegetation at the different evolution stages could appear because of the different disturbances.And special micro-ecological environment,which could meet the demand of germination of different species and seedling population establishment,would be created,which was that the disturbance would affect the rate of the most specie's seedlings emergence and its population establishment.In the vegetation region at the late stage of evolution,there was the highest successful rate of the seedling emergence and its population establishment of 7 of 10 species that had emerged under moderate disturbance.However,in the vegetation region at the early stage of evolution,there was the highest successful rate of the seedling emergence and its population establishment of 4 species in the abandoned land under non-disturbance and 4 species under moderate disturbance.Conclusion] The highest successful rate of the seedling emergence and its population establishment of most species never appeared under heavy disturbance and also the method of seed addition significantly affected the seedling emergence of most species.