我国大陆甘蔗远缘杂交的研究和利用

本文探讨了我国大陆甘蔗远缘杂交的研究和利用现状。已获得远缘杂种的组合有 :热带种×割手密、热带种×大茎野生种、竹蔗×栽培种、热带种×斑茅、甘蔗×河八王、甘蔗×滇蔗茅、甘蔗×五节芒、高梁×甘蔗、甘蔗×白茅和甘蔗×竹。培育了一些含我国野生种质资源的亲本材料如崖城 58- 4 3、崖城 62 - 4 0、崖城 71- 374、崖城 73- 2 2 6、崖城 73- 512等 ,利用这些亲本材料育成了一些优良品种如粤糖 64- 395、珠江 75- 53、粤农 76- 191、福农 79- 2 3、赣蔗 65- 54、赣蔗 64- 137、桂糖 82 - 338和桂糖 83- 4 92。远缘杂交研究和利用中遇到的主要问题是杂交不育、部分种 (品种 )难开花、杂种不育和种质资源研究不深入。

Research and Utilization of the Distant Hybridization of Sugarcane in China Mainland

This paper is an approach to the research and advance of the distanthybridization of sugarcane,China mainland.The distant hybrids were between S.officinarum(Saccharum) and S.spontaneum,S.robusteum,S.sinensis,E.aurendinum,M.horidulus,N.porphyrocoma,E. rokii,lmperata,Bambusa. A number of parent materials which contain the germplasm of the wild resources in China mainland were obtained.By meansof these parents a few of recommended varieties,such as Yangtang6 4-395 ,Zhujiang75 -5 3,Yangnong76 -1 91 ,FA79-2 3,Ganghe 6 5 -5 42 ,6 4-1 37,Guitang82 -338and 83-4 92 ,were bred. The main porblems found in the re- search and utilization of the distant hybridization in China mainland are cross-mcompatibility, difficult flowering of some species(varieties) ,hybrid sterility and lack of the further research of genetic resources.