蛋鸭生物安全饲养模式的研究

本研究将同一批山麻鸭种鸭提供的1日龄山麻鸭雏1 260羽分为1个对照组和2个试验组,每组6个重复,每重复70羽。对照组采用传统的水面圈养,试验一组采用笼养,试验二组采用旱地圈养结合间歇喷淋,整个饲养期其他饲养条件相同。结果表明,3个组的开产日龄(达 50％产蛋率日龄),旱地平养组为109．7 d,笼养组为111．3 d,对照组为111．2 d,各组之间无显著差异(p>0．05);500日龄入舍母鸭平均产蛋教试验组蛋鸭为306．90枚,与对照组的312．07枚差异不显著(p>0．05),却极显著高于笼养组的283．27枚(p<0．01),笼养组比对照组低9．2％,差异极显著(p<0．01);每羽入舍母鸭500日龄总产蛋重笼养组18．86 kg,比对照组的20．67 kg低8．76％,差异极显著(p<0．01)．而旱地平养组为 20．31 kg,与对照组差异不显著(p>0．05)。各项蛋品质,两试验组与传统水面饲养的差异不显著(p>0．05);产蛋期死亡淘汰率时照组为7．4％。旱地平养组为4．23％,笼养组为4．76％,分别比对照组低42．8％和35．7％,差异极显著(p<0．01),旱地平养组与笼养组无显著差异(p>0．05); 产蛋期全期科蛋比旱地平养组每羽为2．72:1,比对照组低0．18,节约饲料3．66 kg,差异极显著(p<0．01),笼养组为3．05:1,比对照组高0．15,差异极显著(p<0．01),比旱养组高0．33,差异也极显著(p<0．01)。筛选出一种既不影响产蛋性能又符合生物安全原则的蛋鸭旱地无水面圈养饲养模式。解决了蛋鸭在水域放牧造成的水源污染、病原扩散、疾病传播等长期困扰社会的公共卫生安全问题。

Studies on the Biosecurity Rearing Model of Layer Ducks

In order to search out a biosecurity rearing model of layer ducks which can keep ducks from polluting public water, transforming diseases, 1 260 one - day old Shanma Ducks were randomly divided into three groups ,each with 6 re peations to determine the laying performance. The comparative group was reared in traditional model with pool. Experimental group two was reared in intensive house without pool but with intermittent spray on the yard. Experimental group two was reared in cases.The results showed that there is no difference between three groups with the age at 50% laying rate. The 500 day - old duck - housed total egg number of experimental group two was 283.27, total egg weight was 18.86kg, which were significantly lower than comparative group and experimental group one(p < 0.01) .The 500 day - old duck -housed total egg number of experimental group one was 306.90, total egg weight was 20.31 kg, no significant difference with comparative group(p > 0.05) .There was also no significant difference(p > 0.05) between three groups on egg quality . The culling rate of group two was 4.76% , that of group one was 4.23 % , both were significantly lower( p < 0.01) than comparative group. The feed ratio of experimental group one was 2.72:1, significantly lower(p < 0.01) than that of comparative group(2.9: 1)and group two(3.05:1) .So layer ducks can be reared in intensive house without pool but with intermittent spray on the yard instead of traditional model on the pool.