不同种植密度对玉米田杂草发生及玉米产量的影响

通过田间小区试验,研究了不同种植密度39 000~63 000株/hm~2对春玉米和夏玉米田间杂草数量和生物量、玉米株高、产量构成因素及产量的影响。结果表明,随着种植密度增加,春玉米田总杂草的数量,春玉米田和夏玉米田总杂草的生物量、穗粒数和千粒质量均呈逐渐降低趋势;春玉米的株高随种植密度的增大而增高,夏玉米的株高变化不明显;随着种植密度增加,玉米的产量呈现增加趋势,尤其是种植密度较低时,春玉米的产量增幅明显。因此,在四川省适当提高玉米的种植密度既可以降低田间杂草发生量,又可以增加玉米产量,但春玉米种植密度不宜高于57 000株/hm~2,夏玉米最高可达63 000株/hm~2。

Effects of Different Cultivation Density on Occurrence of Weeds and Yield of Maize

In this study,a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of planting density on abundance and bio-mass of the weeds,plant height,yield components and yield of spring maize and summer maize.The results showed that, the total weed number of spring maize field,and the biomass,grain number per panicle and thousand-grain weight of ei-ther spring or summer maize field decreased gradually with the increase of planting density.The plant height of spring maize increased with the increase of planting density,while the plant height of summer maize had no significant change. Along with the increase of planting density,the yield of maize also exhibited an increasing trend,especially at low plant density,the yield of spring maize increased significantly.Therefore,increasing the planting density appropriately in Si-chuan Province,can not only reduce the amount of weed occurrence,but also increase the yield of maize.However,the number of spring maize plants should not be higher than 57 000 per hectare,and the highest number of summer maize plants can be 63 000 per hectare.