水稻稻瘟病抗病基因的克隆

水稻是重要的粮食作物,稻瘟病严重影响水稻的产量和品质。实践证明,培育和合理利用抗病品种是控制该病害最经济有效和对环境最安全的途径。然而,往往具有单一抗病基因的水稻品种在广泛种植一段时间以后就丧失了抗病性。因此,对稻瘟病的防治一般从两方面着手,一方面需不断地发掘和创造新抗原;另一方面,抗病基因是植物-病原物互作中的一个关键因子,克隆抗病基因是研究植物抗病机制、揭示植物-病原物互作机理和了解寄主与病原菌共进化规律的基础,为控制和防治该病害提供全新的理论与途径。

Cloning of Rice Blast Resistance Gene

Rice blast could decrease rice yield and quality.Ultimately,the utilization of resistance genes in rice breeding,which was friendly to the environment,was the most effective and economical way against blast.However, many cultivars with one or few resistance genes were short-lived in environments and favorable to the disease.Therefore,it was necessary to control the disease from two sides.On the one hand,maintaining the durability of the blast resistance was to pyramid several resistance genes into an elite cultivar(cv.) to provide multigenic resistance against a wide spectrum of blast races.On the other hand,the system between rice and the rice blast was a good model system to study plant-microbe interactions.What's more,resistance genes were crucial in plant-pathogen system.So,isolating resistance genes would provide the basis for revealing mechanisms of plant resistance,plant-pathogen interaction,and host-pathogen co-evolution.