Morphological and molecular analysis of common millet (P. miliaceum) cultivars compared to an aDNA sample from the 15th century (Hungary) |
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Authors: | R Lágler G Gyulai M Humphreys Z Szabó L Horváth A Bittsánszky J Kiss L Holly L Heszky |
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Institution: | 1. International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Apartado Aéreo 6713, Cali, Colombia 2. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 32, Chapinero vía Candelaria, Palmira, Colombia
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Abstract: | Summary Morphological characterization of 20 common millet (Panicum miliaceum L., 2n = 4x = 36) cultivars and landraces revealed four distinct clusters which were apparently consistent with the grain colors of black,
black and brown, red, yellow, and white. Seed remains of medieval millet, recovered from a 15th century layer (King's Palace,
Budapest, Hungary), showed reddish yellow grain color after rehydrating on tissue culture medium that was close to grain color
of modern cultivar Omszkoje. aDNA of medieval commom millet was extracted successfully, analyzed and compared to modern common millets by ISSR, SSR,
CAP and mtDNA. Analyses of fragments and sequences revealed polymorphism at seven ISSR loci (15 alleles) and at the 5S-18S
rDNA locus of mtDNA. CAP analysis of the 5S-18S rDNA fragment revealed no SNPs in the restriction sites of six endonucleases
TaqI, BsuRI, HinfI, MboI, AluI and RsaI. Sequence alignments of the restriction fragments RsaI also revealed consensus sequence in the medieval sample compared to a modern variety. An attempted phenotype reconstruction
indicated that medieval common millet showed the closest morphological similarity to modern millet cultivar Omszkoje. |
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Keywords: | ancientDNA CAP mtDNA ISSR SNPs |
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