不同改良措施对盐碱化草地植被和土壤肥力的影响

通过改良试验研究,3种措施都改善了草地生境,增加土壤速效养分,增加牧草在草群中所占的比重。施肥改良使豆科和菊科牧草在草群中比重分别比对照区增加39.9%～19.8%和27.5%～34.4%,使禾本科牧草比重降低21.3%～15.3%,可食牧草产量增加22.0%～57.8%;围栏封育使豆科和菊科牧草分别增加26.7%～13.4%和4.7%～9.0%,可食牧草产量增加13.1%～78.0%。浅耕翻使豆科和菊科牧草比重分别增加27.3%～17.7%、23.2%～36.3%,禾本科牧草比重降低12.1%～10.1%,可食牧草产量增加-28.5%～28.6%。由此得出,施肥和围栏封育是草地改良的有效途径。

Effect of Different Improved Measures on Vegetation and Soil Fertility of Saline-alkali Grassland

In this study,the three measures all improved the grassland habitat,increased the soil fast-acting nutrient and forage grass proportion in the grass group.The fertilizing measure had a significant improved effect on leguminosae and composite forage grass,which proportions in the grass group were increased by 39.9%～19.8% and 27.5%～34.4% respectively than the control farm plot,but the gramineae forage grass proportion reduced by 21.3%～15.3%,the yield of edible forage grass increased by 22.0%～57.8%.The fencing measure made the leguminosae and composite forage grass proportion increased by 26.7%～13.4% and 4.7%～9.0% respectively,the yield of edible forage grass increased by 13.1%～78.0%.The Shallow Ploughing measure made the leguminosae and composite forage grass proportion increased by 27.3%～17.7% and 23.2%～36.3% respectively,but the gramineae forage grass proportion reduced by 12.1%～10.1%,the yield of edible forage grass increased by-28.5%～28.6%.It was clear that the mearures of fertilizing and fencing were effective ways to improve grassland.