几种中草药抽提物对黄瓜花叶病毒引起的辣椒花叶病治疗作用初步研究

 在完整植株上,利用喷叶法测定中草药抽提物,以及少量微生物代谢产物,对黄瓜花叶病毒引起的辣椒花叶病的治疗效果。以处理组病指与对照组病指减少百分率表示疗效,用ELISA检测植株体内病毒浓度。根据提纯病毒浓度(X)和吸光值(Y)之间的回归关系,得标准方程:Y=0.437lgx-0.28,相关系数r=0.97。从112个材料中发现,连翘(Forsythia suspensaVahl)大黄(Rheum officinalle Bail)和板兰根(Isatis tinctoria L.)具有比较稳定的疗效。在接种前72小时和接种后24小时喷施抽提物,三者疗效均在90%以上。接种24小时后喷施大黄板兰根疗效均在70%以上。在大黄板兰根治愈的植株内检测不出病毒,在显症植株内,病毒浓度分别下降60%和70%。大黄在接种72小时后喷施.或稀释100倍时仍具显著疗效,并引起植株体内过氧化物酶谱显著变化。大黄对植株生长具一定的促进作用,而板兰根引起植株黄化,侧芽提早萌发。

A PRIMARY STUDY OF THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF SOME MEDICINAL HERB-EXTRACTS ON THE PEPPER MOSAIC CAUSED BY CMV

98 species of medicinal herbs and 12 species of microbes were screened for their therapeutic effects to pepper mosaic caused by cucumber mosaic virus strain-11.The extracts of three medicinal plants,Rheum officinale Bail,Isatis tinctoria L.,and Forsythia suspensa Vahl,reduced the diseased plants by more than 90% of disease index when they sprayed 72 hours before inoculation and 24 hours after inoculation,in comparison with the plants sprayed only with distilled water.When plants sprayed with extracts of R.officinale or I.tinc-toria 24 hours after inoculation,74% and 66.7% of the inoculated plants rem-ained symptomless,respectively.While the check plants all showed symptom.A significant therapeutic effects was observed even when the extract of R.offici-nale was sprayed 72 hours after inoculation,or diluted 100 times before spray-ing.No virus antigen could be detected with ELISA in the treated symtomless plants and no chlorotic lesion appered on Chenopodium amaranticolor when they were inoculated with the extracts of the plants.In the plants showing symptom,the virus concentration decreased by 60% when treated with the extracts of R.officinale and by 70% when treated with the extracts of I.tinctoria 24hours after inoculation.This suggests that both of the medicinal herbs inhi-bited virus replication in the plants.The extracts of R.officinale caused a change in iso-peroxidase spectrum.The spectrum band f and g were lost inthe symptomless plants and band g was also weak in the plants with sympt-oms,The extracs of I.tinctoria had little effect on the iso-peroxidase spec-trum,but caused plant stunting,leaf yellowing and early germination of lateralbuds.In quantitative study of the virus concentration,the optical absorbance value at wave length 492 nm(Y) was correlated with CMV concentration(X,ng/ml) according to the following equation:Y=0.437 lgx-0.28 r=0.97.