Ovine white-liver disease (OWLD). Vitamin B12 and methyl malonic acid (MMA) estimations in blood

At pasture outlet, mean plasma vitamin B12 varied between 210 and 1,200 pmol/l in 1 month old lambs, 19% of them had values below 250 pmol/l. In those put on OWLD pastures, mean values dropped after 2-4 weeks, and mostly stayed below 150 pmol/l throughout grazing. Plasma methylmalonic acid (MMA) rose above 5 mumol/l 2-8 weeks after outlet, and above 15 mumol/l 4 weeks later. Reduced growth occurred 3-8 weeks after plasma B12 dropped below 150 pmol/l, and 4-6 weeks after MMA rose above 5 mumol/l. Clinical OWLD was most often associated with plasma B12 less than 150 pmol/l and MMA greater than 15 mumol/l. Cobalt fertilization of pastures induced satisfactory plasma B12/MMA values for 3 succeeding years. Elevated plasma B12 was found 3 weeks after Co pellet dosing. The use of Co lick resulted in large individual variations in plasma B12/MMA. The control lambs, which were healthy and grew well on pastures which some years contained marginal/deficient cobalt, had plasma B12/MMA values which varied considerably. One year values indicated functional Co deficiency, but none developed OWLD, and growth was satisfactory, but less than other years. In these lambs, high MMA was not always associated with low B12, or depressed growth. OWLD occurred in Co/B12 deficient lambs, but Co/B12 deficient lambs on other pastures did not develop OWLD.