烤烟成熟期土壤含水量对叶片品质的影响

在盆栽条件下研究了烤烟成熟期不同土壤含水量对叶片水分状况及成分的影响。结果表明：随土壤含水量的降低，烤烟叶片含水量、叶水势明显降低，总糖、还原糖、钾含量下降，总氮、烟碱和氯含量上升。在土壤含水量为60%～80%之间时，铁、锌、钠、磷、镁含量适中，钙含量较低，锰、铜、硼含量随土壤含水量变化不大。土壤含水量过高或过低都会使烟叶矿质元素含量和化学成分比例失调，品质下降。特别是成熟期水分过低，对烟叶品质影响最大。因此生产上成熟期土壤含水量应保持在60%～80%之间以利于烟叶良好品质的形成。

Effect of Different Soil Moistures in Tobacco Maturing Stage on Water Contents and Chemical Components of Flue-cured Tobacco Leaf

Effect of different soil moistures in tobacco maturing stage on water content and chemical components of tobacco leaf was studied with the pot experiment in flue-cured tobacco--C.V.K 326. The results showed that the reduction of soil moisture resulted in the decrease in the moisture content and water potential of leaf, the contents of total sugar and K; the increase in the contents of Ca and total nitrogen and nicotine. Between 60-80 percent of soil moisture, the contents of Fe, Zn, Na, P and Mg were moderate, the content of Ca was low, but the content of Cu and B and Mn had little effects with soil moisture varying. Too high or too low soil moisture led to the unbalance in the contents of mineral and the ratio of the chemical components. So, it is important to keep 60-80 percent of soil moisture in the maturing tobacco stage for good quality.