灌区U形渠道机翼形量水槽水跃特性的研究

机翼形量水槽是一种适用于平原灌区末级渠系的新型量水设备,其槽后水跃的相关参数是判别量水槽选型是否合理的重要标准之一。为对该问题进行深入研究,选用在灌区末级U形渠道中较有代表性的0.45与0.49两组收缩比,采用基于Tru-VOF方法追踪自由液面、Favor技术实现网格优化的Flow-3D软件,对U型渠道机翼形量水槽水跃进行三维数值模拟,提取槽后水跃的时均流场、流速分布、共轭水深、水跃长度等相关参数,并通过水工模型试验对数模结果进行验证。对比结果表明,二者吻合度较高,从而证明本文所建立的紊流数学模型是合理的,对水跃问题的研究以及机翼形量水槽在平原灌区U型渠道的应用提供一定的工程技术参考。

Study on Hydraulic Jump Characteristics of Airfoil-shaped Measuring Flume in U-shaped Channel

Airfoil-shaped measuring flume is one new type of equipment applicable for end-canal in plain irrigation district,for which the parameters of hydraulic jump is the important criteria to determine the reasonable selection.In order to further study on the issue,two typical contraction ratios for U-shaped end-canal,namely 0.45 and 0.49,are selected to conduct 3D simulation for the hydraulic jump characteristics of airfoil-shaped measuring flume based on Flow-3D software,which use Tru-VOF method to track the free surface and Favor technology to optimize mesh.And the parameters of the hydraulic jump behind airfoil-shaped measuring flume,such as time-average flow field,velocity distribution,conjugate depth,hydraulic jump length,are obtained and verified through hydraulic model test.The comparison results show that the accordance degree is high and the turbulent flow model established in this paper is correct.The study results also provide some technical references and suggestion for the research on the problem about hydraulic jump and application of airfoil-shaped measuring flume in U-shaped canal in plain irrigation district.