Mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex and regulation of their protein interaction

Mitochondrial calcium homeostasis plays a key role in maintaining various cellular characteristics and mediating cellular physiological function and pathological processes. Although it has long been known that mitochondria takes up Ca²⁺, the molecular identities of the channels and transporters involved in this process are revealed only recently. Here, we review the structure and function of the channel-forming subunit, mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and its regulators, which include MICU1, MICU2, and MCUR1.