菜籽粕对4~6周龄浙东白鹅体增重、养分利用率及血清生化指标的影响

本研究旨在探讨菜籽粕对4~6周龄浙东白鹅体增重、养分利用率及血清生化指标的影响,以确定此阶段肉鹅日粮中菜籽粕的合理添加水平。试验选用4周龄健康的浙东白鹅160只,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只,对照组饲喂基础日粮,3个试验组分别饲喂以3%、6%和9%的菜籽粕代替基础日粮中豆粕的试验日粮。预试期7 d,正试期14 d。结果表明:①3%、6%和9%组鹅体增重较对照组呈下降趋势,但各组间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。②3%组总能(GE)、粗蛋白质(CP)和总磷(TP)的利用率最高,均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),粗脂肪(EE)利用率较对照组极显著提高(P<0.01),随着菜籽粕添加量的增加,肉鹅对粗纤维(CF)和钙(Ca)的利用率降低,且6%和9%组较对照组呈现极显著差异(P<0.01)。③3%组天冬氨酸(Asp)、谷氨酸(Glu)、色氨酸(Ser)、异亮氨酸(Ile)、亮氨酸(Leu)、苯丙氨酸(Phe)利用率均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);6%组除缬氨酸(Val)、赖氨酸(Lys)外,其余氨基酸利用率均显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05;P<0.01);9%组色氨酸(Ser)、甘氨酸(Gly)、组氨酸(His)利用率均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。④随着菜籽粕添加量的增加,血清中血糖(GLU)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、甲状腺素(T4)含量呈上升趋势(P>0.05),9%组血清中总胆固醇(TC)含量较对照组显著升高(P<0.05),总蛋白(TP)、甘油三酯(TG)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)含量与对照组间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,4~6周龄浙东白鹅日粮中用3%~6%的菜籽粕代替部分豆粕较为适宜。

Effect of Rapeseed Meal on Weight Gain,Nutrient Utilization and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Zhedong White Geese from 4 to 6 Weeks

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of rapeseed meal on weight gain,nutrient utilization and serum biochemical indexes of Zhedong White geese from 4 to 6 weeks.160 4-week-old Zhedong White geese were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,and the three experimental groups were fed experimental diets which used 3%,6%,9% rapeseed meal replaced soybean meal in the basal diet,respectively.The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and the trial period lasted for 14 days.The results showed as follows:①Compared with control group,the weight gain of geese in 3%,6% and 9% groups showed a decreased tendency,but there were no significant differences among all groups (P>0.05).②The utilization of GE,CP and TP were the highest in 3% group,and extremely significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01),also the EE utilization was extremely significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01).With the rapeseed meal level increasing,the utilization of CF and Ca in experimental groups were decreased,and 6% and 9% groups showed a significant difference compared with control group (P<0.01).③The utilization of Asp,Glu,Ser,Ile,Leu,Phe in 3% group were extremely significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01).Except for Val and Lys,there were significant or extremely significant differences in other amino acids utilization between control group and 6% group (P<0.05;P<0.01).The utilization of Ser,Gly,His in 9% group were extremely significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01).④With the rapeseed meal level increasing,the serum GLU,T3,T4 contents in experimental groups were increased (P>0.05),the serum TC content in 9% group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05),there were no significant differences in the contents of TP,TG,ALT,AST of serum among all groups (P>0.05).In conclusion,3% to 6% rapeseed meal replaced soybean meal in the diet of Zhedong White geese from 4 to 6 weeks was appropriate.