菌剂与肥料配施对矿区复垦土壤白三叶草生长的影响

采用盆栽试验研究了矿区复垦土壤菌剂与肥料的不同配施对白三叶草(Trifolium repens Linn)生长的影响。结果表明: 双接种VA 菌根真菌(Glomus mossea)和根瘤菌(Rhizobium)能显著提高白三叶草根瘤数、根瘤鲜重和固氮酶活性, 根瘤数在有机肥双接种与无机肥双接种处理之间差异不显著, 而根瘤鲜重和固氮酶活性差异显著; 肥料与各菌剂组合处理中, 有机肥双接种处理的白三叶草分枝数、干物质重最大; 在白三叶草生长40 d 和150 d 时, 双接种处理的叶片数均为各处理中最大值; 接种VA 菌根真菌、根瘤菌和双接种均可增加白三叶草根系的菌根侵染率和土壤孢子数, 总体表现为双接种处理＞接种VA 菌根真菌＞接种根瘤菌, 有机肥相应处理＞无机肥相应处理＞对照; 肥料与菌剂的配合施用可有效提高植物对土壤氮、磷、钾养分的吸收。在矿区复垦土壤上有机肥与VA 菌根真菌和根瘤菌菌剂配施能显著促进白三叶草的生长, 是提高矿区复垦土壤植被恢复中比较适宜的组合方式。

Effect of combined application of microbial inoculum and fertilizer on white clover growth in reclaimed mine soil

The effect of combined application of microbial inoculum and fertilizer on growth of white clover in reclaimed mine soils were investigated in a pot experiment. Under dual inoculation of Glomus mossea and Rhizobium treatment, the number of nodules, nodule fresh weight and nitrogenase activity in white clover increased significantly. For white clovers treated with either dual inoculation of G. mossea and Rhizobium with organic mature or inorganic fertilizer, no significant difference existed in the number of nodules. However, there were significant differences in nodule weight and nitrogenase activity. Both branch number and dry biomass of white clovers were maximum for dual inoculation of G. mossea and Rhizobium with organic mature in all treatments. Leaf number of white clovers was highest for the dual inoculation of G. mossea and Rhizobium on the 40th and 150th days of growth. Both colonization infection rate and soil bacteria spore number increased under inoculation of G. mossea and/or Rhizobium with general effectiveness orders of inoculation treatment of dual inoculation of G. mossea and Rhizobium>G. mossea inoculation>Rhizobium inoculation, and orders of fertilizer treatment of organic fertilizer>inorganic fertilizer>control. Furthermore, the combined application of fertilizer and microbial inoculum effectively improved soil N, P, K utilization by white clovers. The combined application of organic fertilizer with G. mossea and Rhizobium significantly promoted the growth of white clover in reclaimed mine soils.