新疆古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮层藓类物种多样性及适应性研究

[目的]探讨生物结层皮中藓类植物的物种组成以及对荒漠生态环境的适应机制。[方法]分别对各种藓类植物的形态结构及适应性进行观察和分析。[结果]结果表明,荒漠地表生物结皮中的藓类植物群落均呈垫状丛生。优势种刺叶墙藓（Tortula desertorumBroth.）的叶片强烈背卷且具长毛尖,上下表面密被透明的马蹄形细疣,茎皮部细胞壁明显增厚;绿色流苏藓[Crossidium squamiferum（Vi-viani）Juratzka]的叶片强烈内凹且具有专门进行光合作用的绿色丝体;真藓（Bryum argenteumHedw.）的叶片上部无色透明,茎的外皮部细胞强烈加厚,内皮部细胞壁薄,中轴部细胞仅角隅处加厚;双色真藓（Bryum bicolorDicks.）的叶片覆瓦状排列,外皮部细胞壁强烈加厚,内皮部细胞壁稍有加厚,中轴部分不明显;泛生墙藓（Tortula muralisHedw.）与泛生墙藓无芒变种（Tortula muralilsHedw.var.aestiva Bird.exHedw.）的叶片均具马蹄形疣,无明显的中轴分化,细胞壁强烈增厚。[结论]该研究对古尔班通古特沙漠地区植被恢复与重建具有深远的理论价值和实践意义。

Study on Species Diversity and Adaptation of Mosses in Biological Crust in Gurbantunggut Desert

[Objective] The purpose of research was to discuss species diversity of mosses in biological crust and adaptation mechanism to desert environment.[Method] The species diversity and adaptation of mosses in biological soil crusts in Gurbantunggut desert were analyzed.[Result] The results showed that there were 6 species belonging to 3 genera and 2 families of mosses in Gurbantunggut desert.Tortula desertorum was dominant specie in this area.The leaves of Tortula desertorum were revolute seriously,and had long...