中国天然林保护工程区目前急需解决的技术问题和对策

分析了天保工程不同区域存在的基本矛盾和问题,从面临的众多问题中总结归纳出退化天然林恢复与重建、非木质林产品资源开发利用、天然林近自然采育更新和结构调整、工程区防灾减灾和森林健康状况保持、天然林资源动态时空分析与评价等5个重大而急需解决的技术问题;提出了推广应用现有技术成果、针对新问题设立课题研究和引进国际先进理论技术为工程服务的总体对策;并针对5大问题进行深入分析,提出了人工促进退化天然林恢复、森林近自然经营及健康状态监测等解决问题的关键理论和技术要点。

Imperative Technical Problems to Be Solved and Strategies Recommended in Regions of the Protection Program of Chinese Natural Forests

The protection program of Chinese natural forests is a program aimed to the environmental improvement and the social and economic sustainable development of the vast montane regions and watershed areas of the main rivers in China.Due to the huge dimension of program areas and the great differences of natural and social conditions,different contradiction between ecological improvement and economic development are emerged and many problems have represented in asking for urgent integrated technical supporting.The basic contradiction and main problems in different region of the program were analysed in this paper,and 5 momentous technical problems,including reconstruction of degraded natural forests,development of non-woody forest productions,close-to-nature forest management and regulation,disasters control and forest health maintaining,and spatial-temporal analysis of resources dynamics,were summarized for attention.Aimed to solve these problems,theories and methods such as continuous cover forestry,near natural forest management,and monitoring of forest health,etc.were introduced and the related core technical details were discussed.