畜禽粪污抗生素对土壤生物学效应的Meta分析

为研究养殖粪污抗生素土壤残留风险,从数据库文献检索获得国内外近10年来发表的相关论文,通过统计分析论文的结果,以获得现有相关研究的主要结论和主要趋势。利用关键词检索获得相关论文,通过Meta分析(Meta-analysis)的方法分析论文中关于氟喹诺酮类、四环素类和磺胺类这3类抗生素在土壤中残留的影响因素及对土壤微生物多样性的影响。结果表明:抗生素进入土壤后前7 d降解速率较快,之后会逐渐趋于平缓,第30 d时氟喹诺酮类、四环素类、磺胺类抗生素的最终降解率分别为77%、85%、91%。土壤类型、pH能显著影响抗生素的降解率,弱酸性土壤更有利于抗生素降解。3种抗生素在土壤中浓度大于10mg·kg~(-1)时会抑制土壤微生物多样性,影响能力为氟喹诺酮磺胺类四环素类。土壤中抗生素能够自然降解,30 d内降解能力表现为磺胺类四环素类氟喹诺酮类,土壤pH越低,降解效果越好;抗生素对土壤微生物多样性存在显著影响,抗生素浓度越大抑制越明显;土壤pH在4.3～9.4的范围内时,pH越高抗生素对土壤微生物多样性的影响越强。

Meta-analysis was used to analyze the biological effects of livestock manure antibiotics on soil

Veterinary antibiotics are widely used in breeding processes, thus, excessive antibiotics enter the farmland together with livestock manure and have a certain impact on soil ecosystems. In order to obtain the main conclusions and trends of existing studies and provide reference for studies on the risk of antibiotic residue in fecal manure, we collected data from relevant local and international journals, which were published in the past 10 years, and analyzed them. Relevant journals were obtained using keyword retrieval. Factors affecting fluoroquinolones, tetracycline, and sulfonamides antibiotics residues in the soil and their influence on soil microbial diversity were analyzed using Meta-analysis. Results showed that the degradation rate of antibiotics was faster in the first 7 days of entering the soil, after which, the rate reduced gradually. The final degradation rates of fluoroquinolones, tetracycline, and sulfonamides were about 77%, 85%, and 91% respectively. Soil pH and acid significantly affected the degradation rate of antibiotics in soil; weak acid soil was more conducive for antibiotic degradation. The concentration of the three antibiotics in soil above 10 mg·kg^-1 inhibited the functional diversity of soil microorganisms. Sulfonamides had a significant inhibitory effect on soil microbial functional diversity. The effects of different antibiotics on soil microbial functional diversity was as follows:fluoroquinolone > sulfa > tetracycline. The soil degraded the antibiotics via natural degradation. The degradation capacity within 30 days was as follows:sulfa > tetracyline > fluoroquinolone. The lower the soil pH value, the higher the degradation rate. Antibiotics had a significant effect on soil microbial diversity; the higher the concentration, the more significant the inhibition was. When the pH of soil was 4.3~9.4, the higher the pH, the stronger the influence of antibiotics on soil microbial diversity.