高效环保型有机肥对日光温室番茄生长发育影响的研究

[目的]研究对"千代田"牌有机肥料在日光温室番茄植物上的应用效果,为生产绿色番茄提供理论参考。[方法]育苗以施化肥为对照,采用施有机肥45、、67、kg/m3处理,研究育苗效果;栽培以纯施农家肥为对照,采用施有机肥2 2503、3004、3505、400 kg/hm2,并配施一少量化肥处理,研究其增产效果。[结果]试验结果表明,"千代田"牌有机肥在番茄育苗过程中可以代替化肥,以施用6~7 kg/m3"千代田"牌有机肥育苗效果良好;以施用4 350~5 400 kg/hm2的"千代田"牌有机肥做基肥,用300 kg/hm2速效复合肥做追肥,番茄植株长势旺盛,产量提高,较对照增产12.86%~15.44%。[结论]施"千代田"牌有机肥料既能提高番茄产量和品质,还能克服传统农家肥料效慢、费时费工的问题,是较理想的有机肥。

Effect of High-efficiency and Environment-friendly Type of Organic Fertilizer on the Tomato Growth and Development in Greenhouse

[Objective] The effect of the organic fertilizer-brand of Chiyoda on the tomato plants in greenhouse was investigated for the provision of a theoretical reference for its application in green food production.[Method] In tomato seedling-raising,the chemical fertilizer was applied as the CK and the efficiency of tomato seedling-raising was compared with four treatments: Treatment I,organic fertilizer of 4 kg/m3;Treatment II,5 kg/m3;Treatment III,6 kg/m3;and Treatment IV,7 kg/m3.In tomato cultivation,the pure manure as the CK,there were four treatments: Treatment No.1,organic fertilizer of 2 250 kg/m2;Treatment No.2,3 300 kg/m2;Treatment No.3,4 350 kg/m2;and Treatment No.4,5 400 kg/m2,which were mixed with a small amount of chemical fertilizer for the analysis of tomato yield-increasing.[Results] The results showed that the chemical fertilizer could be replaced by the organic fertilizer in the process of tomato seedling-raising and the best efficiency of tomato seedling-raising could be formed in the application amount of the organic fertilizer: 6-7 kg/m3.In tomato cultivation in field,the tomato plants grew well and its yield was improved,which was increased for 15.44%-12.86% more than that of the CK while the application of the organic fertilizer as basic fertilizer was 4 350-5 400 kg/hm2 and the quickly-efficiency compound fertilizer as dressing,300 kg/hm2.[Conclusion] The application of the organic fertilizer——Chiyoda could improve tomato yield and quality and overcome the shortage of slow efficiency,time and labor-consuming in application of traditional farm manure.The brand was a better organic fertilizer.