北粳南引研究的进展与前景

北粳南引存在的主要问题是因生态条件不同植株繁茂性差、生长量不足、生育期不适合当地需要、抽穗开花期不耐高温、结实率偏低和脱粒困难。多年来北粳南引的重新研究结果表明，改用灿粳稻杂交育成的、适应性强的新型粳稻是解决上述问题的有效途径，并已使北粳南引获得历史性的成功。沈阳农业大学稻作研究室所选育的代表品种中粳５６４在安徽江淮稻区作中稻，不仅生育期适宜，繁茂性好，而且像籼稻一样容易脱粒。因此，北粳南引的成功，标志着在水稻引种理论与实践上都取得了重大突破性进展，为安徽江淮稻区乃至长江流域的籼改粳打开了新局面，为我国籼粳稻杂交育种研究开辟了更为广阔的应用领域。

The Research Advances of Introducing Japonica Rice from the North to the South of China

Growth increment, growth period, seed setting percentage and shadding habit are the main problems of introducing japonca rice varietes from the north to the south of China. Results of the research showed that using japonica varieties bred by crossing indica and japonica is a good method to overcome these difficulties. By this method,the introdction of japonica rice from the north to the south of China has succeeded. Zhongjin564,the representative cultivar from the northeast rice belt, has the suitable growth period, good growth increment,easy shadding habit and good grain quality in the rice growing reowing of the Chang-jiang and Huai-river basins. The success indicated that breakthrough has been made on the thenry and practice of rice introduction.