微生物肥料与缓释型有机无机复合肥配合下氮的利用

在不同施肥模式下对氮的淋出进行模拟试验,结果表明:微生物肥料的配合施用对缓释型有机无机复合肥有活化作用,15d使缓释型有机无机复合肥的氮释放量比未施用微生物菌肥处理的增加17.6%,该释放量虽然仅相当于同期等量尿素氮溶出量的一半,但其溶出速率变化较平稳,即能给小麦的整个生育期提供平稳的养分。小麦栽培试验结果表明,配合施用微生物菌肥与缓释型复合肥,小麦的干物质重、叶面积和籽粒总产量均最高;在小麦拔节期,该处理使土壤中释放的铵态氮(NH)和硝态氮(NO)量明显多于其他处理,并提高小麦吸收利用的氮量。这些结果说明,微生物菌肥对缓释型复合肥有活化作用,促进小麦对氮的吸收和利用。单施菌肥的处理补给土壤的养分微乎其微,而小麦吸氮量(NU)却高于单施缓释型复合肥和单施化肥的两处理,说明菌肥也可能活化土壤中的氮并促进小麦营养生长和对土壤氮的吸收利用。

Nitrogen utilization of slowly released organic-inorganic compound fertilizer applied with microbial fertilizer

The simulant leaching experiments of nitrogen was conducted with different modes,and it demonstrated that microbial fertilizer had the effect to stimulate and activate organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.In 15 days after compound fertilizer was applied to soil,the released N of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer increased 17.6% as compared with the treatment without microbial fertilizer,the variation of released velocity of N was steady,and it could provide the stable nutrient to the growth of wheat,though the amount was only the half of nitrogen released from the same amount urea.The field experiment indicated that the dry matter weight,leaf area and total grain yield of wheat was the highest by applying slowly released organic-inorganic fertilizer with microbial fertilizer;the released content of NH and NO in soil were obviously higher than that of other treatments,and the assimilation of nitrogen in wheat was increased.All these showed that microbial fertilizer was of activation for slowly released organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and improved the assimilation andutilization of nitrogen in wheat.Microbial fertilizer had very low nutrient content,but the nitrogen amount uptake by wheat was higher than the treatment with slowly released organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and chemical fertilizer.It showed that microbial fertilizer could activate soil nitrogen and improve the growth of wheat and its assimilation and utilization of soil nitrogen.