多花木兰人工生态恢复植物群落特征研究

湖南常吉高速公路的边坡主要采用多花木兰人工植物群落进行生态恢复。为了掌握人工植物群落特征，为高速公路边坡恢复奠定理论基础，运用物种组成、植物区系、群落结构、种类组成和重要值等方法进行分析。结果表明：（1）群落中的植物共17种，分属9个科，17个属；（2）在科层次上，群落内世界分布科数量上明显高于热带分布科；属层次上，温带分布属占主导地位；（3）群落垂直结构分为乔、灌、草3层，乔木层树种单一，灌木层以多花木兰占优势，草本层物种较为丰富；（4）多花木兰在群落中占着重要地位，重要值最大为63.5。草本层各物种重要值都较小，不能突显优势种，但丰富了物种多样性。在人工生态恢复植物群落中，多花木兰占着主导地位，具有较强的适应性。

Study on the Manmade Plants Community Characteristics of the Magnolia multiflora for Ecological Restoration

The manmade plants community, Magnolia multiflora, was chosen as ecological restoration methods for the slope engineering of the expressway from Changde to Jishou in Hunan Province. In order to understand the characteristics of plants community, the community composition, structure, folra and important value of manmade plants community were analyzed. The results were showed that: (1) there were 17 species, belonged to 9 families, 17 generas; (2) The number of cosmopolitan families was higher than tropical families at the families level, while at the genus level, the temperate genus displayed dominate position; (3) The vertical structure of community was divided in tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer. The tree layer had single species, in shrub layer, Magnolia multiflora was the dominant species, there were a wealth of species in herb layer; (4) Important value of Magnolia multiflora was the largest in shrub layer, but the important value was very small in herb layer, which could not extrude the dominant species, but they could enrich species diversity. The result indicated that Magnolia multiflora could adapt to the slope environment with dominate position.Key words: ecological restoration; Magnolia multiflora; characteristics of plants community; Changde-Jishou expressway