北京市蔬菜生产效率分析——基于地区比较视角

投入产出效率的提高是推动当前北京市蔬菜产业发展的重要因素，也是实现农业现代化的基础。在对北京市和全国平均的蔬菜主栽品种投入产出情况进行对比分析的基础上，运用DEA（数据包络分析法）测算出2010年北京市和全国其他地区设施和露地蔬菜生产的技术效率和环境效率，并基于量化分析结果，从北京与全国其他地区比较的视角，分析北京市蔬菜生产效率情况。得出的主要研究结论是：北京市设施蔬菜生产无论是投入产出还是技术效率、环境效率与全国其他地区相比都具有一定的比较优势，而露地蔬菜生产在这3个方面皆不具有比较优势；从规模报酬来看，北京市设施蔬菜生产处于规模报酬递增的阶段，而露地蔬菜生产则处于递减阶段。最后提出了提高北京市蔬菜产业技术效率的对策及建议。

The Production Efficiency Analysis of Vegetable Industry in Beijing—Based on the Perspective of Regional Comparison

Input-output efficiency is an important factor to promote the development of present Beijing's vegetable industry, it is also the foundation to realize agricultural modernization．In this paper, we firstly studied the input-output of the main vegetable varieties in Beijing and the national average, then by data envelopment analysis methods, measured technical and environmental efficiency of Beijing and the rest of the country’s greenhouse vegetable production and open field vegetable production in 2010, based on quantitative analysis of results, from a comparative perspective of regional comparison, finally analyzed vegetable production efficiency of Beijing. The results showed that greenhouse vegetable production had a comparative advantage in Beijing comparing to some other areas in the input-output、technical efficiency and environmental efficiency, while the open field vegetable production did not have a comparative advantage in these three areas. Greenhouse vegetable production was increasing returns to scale in Beijing, however, the situation of open field vegetable production was just the opposite. Eventually, several propositions and policies were derived to improve the production efficiency of vegetable industry in Beijing.