甘蔗近缘属植物氮磷钾养分效率的变异分析

为了筛选养分高效甘蔗种质资源及培育养分高效甘蔗品种，采用系统聚类分析法，分别以地上部干重，植株N、P、K素吸收效率和利用效率为指标，将40份具有代表性的甘蔗近缘属植物进行了分类。结果表明，甘蔗近缘属植物地上部干重变幅为1.26~39.6 kg/穴，变异系数为75.92%。云南82-85地上部干重是象草82-21的40.78%，但云南82-85的N、P、K素利用效率分别是象草82-21的4.9、1.7和3.2倍。不同类型甘蔗近缘属植物的地上部干重，N、P、K素营养效率的极差很大，可分为若干组，各组间差异显著，且同组内材料的N、P、K素营养效率之间也存在显著性差异。上述研究结果对选育营养高效的新型种质和阐明营养高效的生理机制具有一定参考价值。

Analysis on variation of NPK-nutrient efficiency in Saccharum relative genus

In order to screen sugarcane germplasms of high nutrient efficiencies and breed sugarcane varieties for high nutrient efficiencies, the experiment was conducted to investigate the variations of shoot dry weight, plant absorption efficiency and utilization efficiency of N, P, K in 40 Saccharum relative genus by hierarchical cluster method. The results showed that the plant shoot dry weight of Saccharum relative genus ranged from 1.26 to 39.6 kg per hill, the coefficient of variation was 75.92%. The shoot dry weight of Yunnan 82-85 was only 40.78% of napier grass 82-21, but plant utilization efficiency of N, P, K was 4.9, 1.7 and 3.2 fold of Yunnan 82-85 compared with those of enapier grass 82-21, respectively. The ranges of shoot DW, plant absorption efficiency and utilization efficiency of N, P, K in Saccharum relative genus were so large that they could be classified into some clusters. The differences among clusters were significant, and plant nutrition efficiency among N, P, K were also significant differences in the same clusters. The above results provide useful information for breeding novel sugarcane germplasms for high nutrient efficiencies and elucidating the mechanism of high nutrient efficiency in sugarcane.