马铃薯LK99干物质及养分累积规律研究

通过播前常规施肥、大中微量元素配施(综合养分)处理,研究其对中早熟马铃薯LK99干物质积累,N、P、K、Fe、Zn、Ca的积累、分配等的影响。研究结果表明,大中微量元素配施可明显提高LK99商品薯率和鲜薯产量,随着生育期的推进,LK99植株干物质积累量呈现"慢-快-慢"的"S"形变化规律,而干物质积累速率呈现单峰曲线变化。整个生育期LK99植株对6种养分的吸收呈"慢-快-慢"的单峰变化曲线。养分在各器官中的分配随着生长发育各阶段的推进而变化,生育前期主要分配在叶片和茎秆中,块茎形成以后,随着库的扩大,开始由茎叶向块茎运移。至成熟期,约有90%的N、P、K和80%的Zn是贮存在块茎中。大中微量元素配合施用有利于Fe、Ca在块茎中的贮存。

Study on Dry Matter Accumulation and Nutrient Uptake of Mid-early Maturing Potato LK99

We set two fertilizing treatments in the paper, and they were conventional fertilizing treatment and comprehensive fertilizing treatment （combined application of large, medium and trace elements） before sowing. Then we studied the effects of the two treatments on dry matter accumulation, and the accumulation and distribution of N, P, K, Fe, Zn, Ca of mid-early maturing potato cultivar LK99. The results showed that, the comprehensive fertilizing treatment could obviously improve fresh yield and commercial rate of LK99 potato, and with the development of growth period, the dry matter accumulation amount of LK99 presented as the slow-fast-slow＆quot;S＆quot;type change rule, but the dry matter accumulation rate presented as unimodal curve change. During the whole growth period, the absorption curves of N, P, K, Fe, Zn, Ca were a slow-fast-slow unimodal type. Nutrients distribution in organs were changing in corresponding growth stage, during the earlier stage, absorbed nutrients were mainly distributed to leaves and stems, and after the tubers were formed, the absorbed nutrients were distributed from leaves and stems to tubers. While in the maturation period of potato tuber, about 90%of N, P, K and 80%of Zn were stored in tubers. The combined application of large, medium and trace elements was benefit for keeping Fe and Ca in tubers of potato LK99.