Cellulose nanowhisker-incorporated poly(lactic acid) composites for high thermal stability

In this study, biodegradable composites were prepared using cellulose nanowhiskers and poly(lactic acid). For processing at high temperature over 200 °C, cellulose nanowhiskers were prepared by ultra-sound treatment, with the high thermal stability of natural cellulose. The nanowhiskers were confirmed using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermo-gravimetric analysis. Surface modification of the cellulose nanowhiskers was performed to increase the adhesion between hydrophilic nanofillers and hydrophobic polymer matrix. The dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of the composites showed better reinforcing effect of the modified cellulose nanocrystals. The effects of cellulose nanowhiskers on the biodegradability of poly(lactic acid) were studied using a microbial oxidative degradation analyzer.