南方丘区两熟制稻田保护性耕作的稻田生态效应

本文针对四川省两熟制稻-麦（油）秸秆资源丰富，但处理难的现状，研究了在稻田保护性耕作技术体系下，秸秆还田种类（麦秸、油莱秸）和还田数量（全量、半量）的稻田生态效应。结果表明，麦秸、油莱秸全量还田增产效果明显，分别比对照增产4．84％、6．20％；秸秆还田节水效益不明显，麦秸水分生产效率未得到改善，油莱秸还田水稻水分生产效率增加，油全、油半处理灌溉水分生产效率、水分生产效率分别比对照高0．048、0．045、0．039、0．032；秸秆还田能有效培肥土壤，土壤全N、P、速效养分及微量元素含量显著提高，其中土壤速效氮麦全、麦半处理分别增加14．5、18．1mg／kg；此外，秸秆全量还田投入／产出值高，具有显著的经济效益。因此，稻田保护性耕作技术为秸秆的高效循环利用提供了有效途径。

Ecological Effect on Paddyfield under Two Ripe System Conserve Cultivation of Hilly Region in Southward of China

Based on the problem that straw produced by two ripe system are rich in Sichuan province. But its treatment is quite difficult. The ecological effect on paddyfield including different kinds(including wheat and rape) and number (including total quantity and a half of quantity) of straw to field were researched in this paper under conserve cultivation. The results shown that the products of rice by total wheat and rape stalk to field increased by: 4.84%, 6.20%; The effect of saving water by wheat and rape stalk to field was not obvious. The water producing efficiency hasn't been improved. However, the irrigative water producing efficiency and water producing efficiency of total quantity and a half of quantity rape stalk to field each increased by: 0.048, 0.045, 0.039, 0.032 Meanwhile, the soil fertility can be improved by stalk to field. The total element, available element and minim element have been enhanced. Especially the available nitrogen of total quantity and half of quantity each increased by: 1.45, 18.1 milligram per kilogram. Besides, the ratio of input/output by total treatment was high,which economy effect was marked. Thus an effective way to treat straw was put forward in this paper.