浙江中部城市周边生态游憩林美学质量评价——以富阳小乌坑林场为例

以浙江中部城市周边低山在生态公益林基础上发展起来的游憩林为研究对象,采用SBE评判法对其林内景观进行美学质量评价。选择常绿阔叶林、落叶阔叶林、常绿-落叶阔叶混交林、针叶林、针阔混交林5个林型的代表性群落计48个,设置与森林照片场景对应的三角形样地,通过样地测量和图片解析获取群落结构等定量数据,建立多元回归模型。结果表明:1)5种森林类型间的SBE值差异不显著,SBE值主要由群落结构因子、测树因子和空间感知因子所决定;2)采用全定量化指标,建立的统计模型形式简单且有较高精度;3)影响景观质量的指标主要是林内透视距离、近中景草本高度、近中景乔木树种数以及前景开阔度、近中景乔木密度、近中景草本盖度、近中景灌木盖度和绿视率;4)根据SBE与相关指标的单因子曲线拟合分析,提出森林景观优化提升对策,包括林木形态塑造、林下层结构调控及视觉空间优化等。

Aesthetic Quality Evaluation of Ecological Recreational Forest in Suburban Area of Cities at Middle Zhejiang:A Case Study of Xiaowukeng Forest Farm in Fuyang

Aesthetic quality of the landscape in the recreational forest, developed from ecological forest on the hills proximity to cities located at the middle Zhejiang, was evaluated by using the scenic beauty estimation (SBE) method. Among the five types of forest, i. e., evergreen broad-leaved forest, deciduous broad leaved forest, evergreendeciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, coniferous forest, mixed broadleaf-conifer forest, a total of 48 representative communities were chosen, and triangular samples were set corresponding with the camera image principle for the multiple linear regression model, which was set up through the samples measurement and images reading, to get the quantitative data including community structure. The results showed:1) the SBE values of the five forest types were not significantly different, whereas they were determined by community structure factors, tree measuring factor sand space perception factors; 2) the quantitative indicators were adopted to ensure that the statistical model set up was simple in form and had high precision; 3) the major factors affecting the landscape quality included distance of perspective in forest, grass height in near or medium distanced landscape, species riches and the openness of front landscape, density of trees in near and medium landscape, coverage of herbage in near and medium landscape, coverage of shrub in near and medium landscape, and green rate; 4) According to the single factor curve fitting analysis on SBE-related indicators, suggestions were made to improve the forest landscape, including tree form shaping, understory layer structure regulating and visual space quality optimization.