基于绿荫停车场树种选择的夏季林荫生态环境指标研究

选择目前北京市停车场常用的11种乔木树种,在夏季7:00-18:00监测树荫下停车位的温度、地表温度、湿度、光照强度和UV-B。结果表明,各乔木树种树荫下空气温度和地表温度降低范围为0.3℃~1.25℃和3.05℃~7.26℃,相对湿度增加0.74%~5.91%,光照强度和UV-B屏蔽率达30.62%~82%和29.45%~78.61%。11种树种中,白蜡、臭椿的各项指标均显著高于其他树种,可以作为停车场绿化优先选用的树种。

A Study of Ecological Environmental Indicators of Summer Shading for Tree Species Selectionfor Parking Lots

Eleven tree species commonly planted at parking lots in Beijing were chosen to monitor air temperature, surface temperature, air relative humidity, light intensities and UV-B under the trees between 7 am to 6 pm in the summer. The results showed that the air temperature and surface temperature were lower by 0.35℃~1.25℃ and 3.05℃~7.26℃, respectively; the air relative humidity was higher by 0.74%~5.91%; the light intensity and UV-B shielding effectiveness reached 30.62%~82% and 29.45%~78.61%, respectively. Among the eleven tree species, the above indicators for Fraxinus pennsylvanica and Ailanthus altissima showed significantly higher compared with others, which can be used at priority species for parking lots.