氮素追肥比例对烤烟生长发育及产量·质量的影响

[目的]研究南方多雨区不同氮素追肥比例对烤烟生长发育及产量、质量的影响。[方法]试验在江西农业大学科技园进行。以K326为材料,氮素追肥占总氮量的比例设3个水平(T1为40%、T2为50%和T3为60%),研究不同处理对烤烟生长发育及产量、质量的影响。[结果]氮素追肥比例在40%~60%范围内,氮素追肥比例越大,有效叶数越多(T2=T3>T1)、单株叶面积越大(T3>T2>T1)、叶面积指数(LAI)越大(T3>T2>T1)、产量越高(T3产量最高,为2 281.05 kg/hm2),但上等烟比例显著下降;追肥比例为50%时,烟叶产量较高,品质较好。[结论]在南方多雨区烤烟生产中,氮素追肥占总氮量的最佳比例为50%。

Effect of Top Dressing Rate of Nitrogen on Growth and Development,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

[Objective] The study aimed to study the effect of different top dressing rate of nitrogen on growth and development,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco in southern rainy area.[Method] The test was taken in the science and technology park of Jiangxi Agricultural University.With K326 as material,3 levels of top dressing rate of nitrogen in total nitrogen(T1 40%,T2 50% and T3 60%)were set up to study the effect of different treatments on growth and development,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.[Result] In the top dressing rate of 40%-60%,the higher the top dressing rate of nitrogen was,the more the number of effective leaf was(T2=T3>T1),the bigger the leaves area per plant was(T3>T2>T1),the bigger the leaves area index(LAI)was(T3>T2>T1)and the higher the yield was,with the highest yield in T3 treatment(2 281.05 kg/hm2),but the fine tobacco ratio was decreased significantly.The tobacco leaves had higher yield and better quality when the top dressing rate was 50%.[Conclusion] The optimum ratio of top dressing nitrogen in total nitrogen was 50% in the production of flue-cured tobacco in southern rainy area.