圆锥小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成分析

为了寻找新的基因资源，为小麦品质改良提供基础材料，应用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)方法，对中国西部和北部地区123份圆锥小麦材料高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)的组成进行了分析，共检测到15种HMW—GS组合类型。14个等位变异中有5种类型即Glu-Al-Ⅰ、Glu-B1-Ⅰ、Glu-B1-Ⅱ、Glu-B1-Ⅲ、Glu-B1-Ⅳ在普通小麦中不常见。类似于17 18亚基组合的Glu-B1-Ⅲ分布频率高达到63．40％，亚基2^*出现的频率远远高于普通小麦，另外发现一份含有编码与小麦抗病性关系密切的21亚基的材料可应用于小麦抗病育种中。分析结果表明，圆锥小麦的HMW—GS共有丰富的多态性和亚基组合类型，优质亚基分布频率高，是小麦育种的宝贵基因资源。

Composition Analysis of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits in Triticum. Turgidum L. ssp. Turgidum

In order to find new gene resource and to provide fundamental material for the improvement of wheat quality, the composition of high molecular weight subunits (HMW-GS) were analyzed by SDS-PAGE in 123 Triticum. turgidum L. ssp. turgidum collected from the west and north of China. A total of 14 alleles and 16 subunits combinations were identified, and 5 of these subunits were different from those previously detected by Payne and Laqrence in hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum L. ). The results indicated: (1) The frequency distribution of 2* subunit in T. turgidum subunits were higher in Glu-A1 than in T. aestivum. (2) The variation of HMW-GS in T. turgidum was very rich . The compositions of subunits in Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 sites were obviously different from that of T. aestivum, dicoccum and durum. This study indicated that T. turgidum had high polymorphism of the HMW-GS and subunit composition, and it was an utilizable resource for expanding the genetic basis for wheat breeding.