小管出流亏缺灌溉对设施延后栽培葡萄产量与品质的影响

为揭示小管出流不同生育期亏缺灌溉对设施延后栽培葡萄耗水规律、产量与品质的影响,在张掖市灌溉试验站开展了设施延后栽培葡萄小管出流灌溉试验,分析了不同生育期亏水对延后栽培葡萄耗水规律、产量、水分利用效率、外观和营养品质的影响效果。结果表明,果实膨大期延后栽培葡萄耗水模系数占到50%以上,该阶段亏水减产幅度达32.53%;着色成熟期亏水可提高葡萄总糖含量、减小可滴定酸含量,葡萄营养品质总体最优;而果实膨大期亏水则导致葡萄果粒质量减小、酸涩度加重、花青苷含量降低。表明设施延后栽培葡萄产量与品质对各生育期亏水的敏感性不同,深入研究其规律对实现葡萄节水调质具有重要意义。

Effects of small tube flow deficit irrigation on yield and quality of greenhouse grape under delayed cultivation

Effects of deficit irrigation with small tube flow on water consumption, yield, water use efficiency, appearance quality and nutrition quality of delayed grapevine were tested in Zhangye Irrigation Experiment Station. The results showed that grapes' water consumption coefficient accounted more than 50% in fruit enlargement period, and grape yield reduced 32.53% under deficit irrigation in this phase. Insufficient water supply in the coloring and mature period could increase the total sugar content of grape and reduced titratable acid content, that was to say improved grapes' comprehensive nutritional quality. Fruit enlargement period plays an important role on grape quality formation. Under insufficient water supply condition in this period, the single fruit weight, anthocyanin content decreased, and grape sour degree aggravated. This research suggests that sensitivity of grapes' yield and quality with insufficient irrigation in different growth period are different, and it is important to study it for achieving water-saving and improving grapes' quality.