CIMMYT玉米种质资源的引进鉴定与利用研究

2008年从CIMMYT引进玉米种质资源132份,其中地方种质50份、杂交种21份、基因改良圃中间材料34份、自交系27份。经过两年种植鉴定,大部分材料的株高及雌雄花协调性基本和引种地一致,这些种质材料具有适应广西玉米两季种植模式、生育期适中、茎秆粗壮及籽粒品质优等特点。其中,黄粒CML285表现特优,适应广西气候,产量高,一般配合力高;白粒CML268也表现很好,产量高,穗部性状遗传力高。利用CML204改良玉米自交系南60-1获得＂改良南60-1＂,其籽粒品质明显提高,且与CML268有较高的特殊配合力。对引进的自交系、特别是白粒自交系直接和广西的骨干系组配,获得了较强的杂交优势组合。对引进的地方种质、杂交种及基因圃中间材料进行人工套袋自交,获得了168份趋于稳定的高代材料,大部分高代材料的产量、长势及雌雄花协调性表现很好;采用广西骨干系进行测配,获得600多个组合。此外,将部分材料和广西自交系杂交,可明显改善广西玉米籽粒品质。因此,引进的玉米种质材料丰富了广西玉米种质资源,拓宽了玉米育种材料的遗传基础,利于加快我区玉米新品种的育种进程。

Identification and utilization of maize germplasm introduced from CIMMYT

132 maize germplasm materials were introduced from CIMMYT in 2008,which included 50 local germplasm collections,21 hybrids and 34 moderate materials from genetic improvement nursery of CIMMYT,and 27 inbred lines.After planting and identification process of two years,most of the introduced germplasm materials showed morphological and floral characteristics similar to CIMMYT.These germplasm materials were characterized by moderate growth period,stout stalk,good grain quality and adoption to planting model of ...