实生梅低产原因及其对策的研究

连续4a对实生梅低产原因和对策进行了调查和试验。结果表明,实生梅低产症结:①不形成产量和低产树几乎占梅园梅树2/3,高产树仅占7.9％。②实生梅不完全花高达45.9％。③梅开花期早,花期气温较低,白天降水日数较多,光照时间少,妨碍授粉受精;花期寒潮频繁,花器和幼果受伤机率高。试验显示,实生梅生产潜力很大。通过加强田间管理、防止叶片早落、修剪等相应技术措施,能减少不结果植株,提高单株产量,单产增加1.5倍。不形成产量树,可利用优株穗条高接,单产比大青梅增加1.8倍以上,经济效益显著。

Low Yielded Reasons of Plum and Ways to Deal with Situations.

This paper servayed the low yielded reasons of Plum and tested the ways to deal with situations, with results showing as follows: 1, fruitless trees and low yielded trees almost accounted for two-thirds of the total trees in the Plum orchard, high yielded trees only 29.01%; 2, imperfect flowers, as high as 45.58%, caused the low rate of fruitage, with the average being 7.12% in 4 years; 3, Plum bloomed in early spring, during which the temperature was too low and the sunlight was limited and the rainfall days were too many, which were not good for the pollinating and fertilizing, and frequent cold waves damaged the flowers and the young fruits. The test showed that the potantiality of the Plum was great. Some ways to deal with situations, such as field management, disease control, prevention from the early leave fallen and pruning, could reduce the fruitless trees and could improve the product per tree, and could increase the yield per hectare by 1.5 times. The yield was as much 1.8 times as contrast one by using the optimum set on the high position graft.