去除花蕾对紫菀药用器官根系生物量及产量的影响

[目的]研究去除花蕾对紫菀药用器官根系生物量及产量的影响。[方法]以药用植物紫菀为研究对象,以单因素随机区组设计试验,4组花蕾的去除数量分别为0、10、20和30个/株,比较其药用器官根系生长量的变化。[结果]随着去除花蕾数的增多,单株根系生物量和单位面积根系产量均明显增大。在试验的种植密度下,4种花蕾去除水平单位面积的根系产量分别为10 075.5、10 439.8、10 967.4和11 997.6 kg/km2。在去除数量达到30个/株(约为单株花蕾数的75%)时,单位面积根系产量有大幅增长,但去除20个/株和30个/株处理之间在根系产量上无显著差异(P>0.05)。这说明紫菀的生殖生长对根系生长有很强的抑制性影响。在大田种植紫菀时,与不摘除花蕾相比,采用人工摘除50%～75%的花蕾,可使根系产量提高9.0%～18.6%。[结论]试验揭示了紫菀生殖器官耗损对其药用器官生长的影响,为田间种植紫菀获得较高的药用器官产量提供指导。

Effects of Removing Flower Buds on Aster tataricus Medicinal Plants Roots Biomass and Yield

[Objective] To study effects of removing flower buds on Aster tataricus medicinal plants roots biomass and yield.[Method] With medicinal plant Aster tataricus as study object,by means of single factor randomized block design,4 buds number removal levels were 0,10,20 and 30 per plant,the increment variation of its medicinal organ roots were compared.[Result] The results shown that with the increase of the number of removed buds,single root biomass and root yield per unit area increased significantly.In the planting density condition of this experiment,the root yield per unit area of 4 kinds of bud removal level were 10 075.5,10 439.8,10 967.4 and 11 997.6 kg/km2,respectively.Root yield was growing substantially when the removal level reached 30 per plant(approximately 75% flower buds of per plant),and had significant differences(P<0.05) from the removing levels of 0 and 10 buds per plant,but had no significant difference(P>0.05) from the removing level of 20 buds per plant.This indicated that aster reproductive growth has a strong inhibitory effect on root growth.In the field,comparing without removing buds with artificial removing 50%~75% of the bud,root yield can be increased by 9.0-18.6%.[Conclusion] The experiment revealed effects of Aster tataricus reproductive organ loss on its medicinal organ growth,which can provide guidance for obtaining higher yield of Aster tataricus.