昆明实心竹叶多糖的微波提取及纯化研究

目的]对竹叶多糖的微波提取及纯化工艺进行了研究。方法]以昆明实心竹叶为原料,对常压下影响微波提取的固液比、提取时间及提取温度3个因素进行分析,并以提取量为考察指标进行正交试验,确定最佳提取工艺条件。以提取液为原料,进行活性炭的脱色研究,通过研究活性炭用量、脱色温度、脱色时间3个因素对多糖脱色效果的影响并进行正交试验,得出了最佳的脱色条件。结果]在固液比1∶40,微波功率800W,提取时间10min的条件下,实心竹叶多糖的提取量最高,为31.410mg/g;活性炭的用量为2%（质量分数）,脱色温度为30℃,脱色时间为40min时脱色效果最好,呈淡黄色。结论]竹叶多糖是一种具有多种生理功能和开发价值的植物活性多糖,对其进行分离纯化研究是十分必要的,能够为实心竹叶活性多糖用于保健食品提供理论基础。

Microwave Extraction and Purification of Polysaccharides in Kunming Solid Bamboo Leaves

Objective] The technics of microwave extraction and purification of polysaccharides was studied. Method] Choosing Kunming solid bamboo leaves as raw material,solid-liquid ratio,extraction time and extraction times on extraction content of polysaccharides in atmospheric pressure were analyzed,and designed orthogonal experimental. Choosing extraction solution as raw material,the content of actived carbon,decoloration temperature and time were anzlyzed,and designed orthogonal experimental. Result]The best extraction conditions of polysaccharides were as follows: Solid-liquid ratio 1∶40,microwave power 800 W,extraction time 10 min. Under the optimal condition,the extraction content was the highest by 31.410 mg/g. The best decoloration conditions of polysaccharides were as follows: The amount of activated carbon 2%,decoloration temperature 30 ℃,decoloration time 40 min. Under the optimal condition,The decolorization effect was best and the color of polysaccharides was primrose yellow. Conclusion] Polysaccharides in Kunming solid bamboo leaves is a kind of polysaccharide with a variety of physiological functions and development value of plant polysaccharides,extraction and purification of polysaccharides is necessary to provide a theoretical basis for the health food.