TDZ预处理及激素诱导对小麦茎尖丛生芽形成的影响

为了给遗传转化提供更好的受体,从而降低离体芽转化直接成苗出现的嵌合体现象,以4个普通小麦品种(系)为材料,研究了小麦籽粒细胞分裂素TDZ(噻二唑苯基脲)浸泡预处理及激素对小麦茎尖丛生芽形成的影响。结果表明,TDZ浸泡预处理降低了小麦胚萌发率,但显著提高了小麦茎尖丛生芽的分化,在TDZ最佳浓度5mg·L-1时,4种供试小麦材料的丛生芽诱导率和平均芽个数均达到最高,其中扬麦18最优,丛生芽诱导率和平均芽个数分别达到了50.9%和2.82个;萌发培养基中的TDZ浓度为4mg·L-1时,小麦茎尖丛生芽的诱导率和平均芽个数最高;诱导培养基中TDZ和6-BA(6-苄基脲嘌呤)浓度均为3mg·L-1时,诱导小麦丛生芽的效果最佳,并且TDZ诱导效果优于6-BA;细胞分裂素与生长素配合诱导时,在TDZ/IAA(吲哚乙酸)为6、6-BA/2,4-D(2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸)为60时,诱导效果较好,但低于细胞分裂素单独诱导的效果,且随着比值的进一步增大,其诱导效率急速下降;同时基因型对小麦茎尖丛生芽诱导有重要影响,供试的4个材料中,扬麦18的丛生芽诱导率最高,扬麦12次之,西农183、小偃22较差。

Effects of TDZ Pretreatment and Hormone Induction on Formation of Multiple Shoots from Wheat Stem Apex

In order to provide better receptor of genetic transformation and to decrease the phenomenon of chimera in vitro shoots translating directly into seedling, four common wheat varieties were used as the experimental material to study the effect of TDZ pretreatment and hormone induction. The results showed that, when the wheat was soaked in TDZ (thidiazuron) pretreatment, bud germination rate was decreased, but regeneration rate of multiple shoots and budding number of each shoot were increased observably. When the concentration of TDZ was 5 mg·L^-1, the rate of multiple shoots and budding number were the highest and Yangmai 18 was the best with 50.9% and 2.82, respectively; While the concentration of TDZ in medium for embryo germination was 4 mg·L^-1, the regeneration rate of multiple shoots and budding number of each shoot of wheat were the highest. When both concentration of TDZ and 6 BA(6 benzyl aminopurine) were 3 mg·L^-1, the regeneration rate of multiple shoots of wheat was the best and the effect of TDZ was better than 6 BA . The combination of cytokinin with auxin had an effect on regeneration rate of multiple shoots of wheat. When TDZ/IAA(indole acetic acid) ratio was 6 and 6 BA/2,4 D(2,4 dichlorophrnoxyacetic acid) ratio was 60, the effects on induction was better, but was lower than cytokinin alone. The higher the ratio was, the lower the induction effort was. Genotype had great effect on induction of multiple shoots of wheat, of all the four wheat materials, the regeneration rate of multiple shoots of Yangmai 18 was the highest, then followed by Yangmai 12, Xinong 183 and Xiaoyan 22.