林区啮齿动物分布与生境关系研究

为了解黑龙江省东南部林区人为干扰下啮齿动物生态分布与生境的关系,利用夹日法于2008年3月—2010年12月进行实地调查。结果表明,黑龙江东南部林区共有啮齿动物21种,隶属3目8科16属,占黑龙江省啮齿动物的70%,其中,古北界17种(占80.95%),广布种4种(占19.05%),在动物区系组成上以古北界为主,在捕获的数量上看棕背鼠平(Clethrionomys rufocanus)为优势种。在针阔混交林和针叶林中棕背鼠平的密度最大。灌丛中棕背鼠平和黑线姬鼠为主。沼泽湿地以东方田鼠为主。阔叶林以大林姬鼠为主。农田草地草甸以黑线姬鼠为主。在居民点附近以伴生种褐家鼠为主。这反映了它们对不同生境的选择倾向性。地面草本植物的覆盖度和丰富度对小型啮齿动物分布也起决定作用。

Research on the Relationship Between the Distribution of Rodent and Site Environment in Forest Region

In order to master the relationship between the ecological distribution of rodent and site environment under the man-made interference in the southeast forestry of Heilongjiang , from March , 2008 to December , 2010, a on-the-spot investigation was carried out by clip day methods. The results showed that there were 21 kinds of rodents, belonged to 3 orders 8 families 16 categories , which accounted for 70% of rodents in Heilongjiang and of which there were 17 kinds of palearctic realm (accounting for 80.95%) , 4 kinds of dispersed species (accounting for 19.05%). In the composition of animal fauna palearctic,realm was dominant. In terms of captured number, Clethronomys rufocanus was dominant species. In the theropencedrymion and coniferous forest, the density of Clethronomys rufocanus was the largest . In the bushes, Clethronomys rufocanus and Apodemus agrarius were dominant .In the mash microtus fortis and in the broad-leaved forest apodemus speciosus was dominant. In the farmland and wet meadows apodemus was domimant. Near the settlements accompanying sewer rat was dominant. The finding reflected rodent had a choice tendency for different living environment . The coverage and richness of herbage on the ground mainly determined the distribution of small rodents.