云南中海拔地区改良草地生态环境研究报告

目的]通过改良草地生态环境的试验研究,旨在为合理、持续利用本地区草地提供理论依据。方法]对云南中海拔地区的昆明小哨1996年建植的改良草地开展了除杂、补播、施维持肥料和放牧控制等方法。结果]改良草地四年平均干物质产量5 368.84±624.25kg/hm2,载畜量为0.83hm2饲养1头西门塔尔牛;在全放牧条件下,西门塔尔牛的公母牛平均体重初生45.25kg,6月龄245.70kg,12月龄325.03kg,18月龄405.61kg,24月龄465.63kg,36月龄604.33kg,成年793.07kg。群体繁殖成活率85.19%。结论]改良草地生态平衡可持续利用的关键在于每年施用维持肥料、适时除杂并补播和放牧控制。

Introduction of Improved Pasture Ecological Equilibrium Sustainable Utilization in Intermediate altitude Area of Yunnan

Objective]For the purpose of sustainable utilization of improved pasture through analysis by synthesis of improved pasture ecological equilibrium sustainable development. Methods] Weeds con- trol, uncultivated over sowing, maintain fertilizer and cattle grazing control ways were carried on the im- proved pasture in 1996 at Xiaoshao, Kunming with intermediate altitude area of Yunnan. Results]The av- erage dry matter yield of four years were 5 368.84±624.25 kg/hm2, stock rate was 0.83 hm2 per adult Simmental cattle. And average birth weight were 45.25 kg, 6 month old 245.70 kg, 12 month old 325.03 kg,18 month old 405.61 kg,24 month old 465.63 kg, 36 month old 604.33 kg, adult 793.07 kg. Repro- duction alive rate was 85.19%. Conclusion]weeds control, uncultivated over-sowing, maintain fertilizer and cattle grazing control on the improved pasture were the key technical for improved pasture ecological e- quilibrium sustainable utilization.