黄河三角洲新生湿地土地利用/土地覆被演化研究

根据1986年、1996年和2001年土地覆被数据,运用ARC/INFO软件,研究了近代黄河三角洲的土地覆被演化状况。结果表明:在各覆被类型中耕地面积最大,就耕地变动而言,1986～1996年间耕地的减少明显多于其开垦面积,而1996～2001年间两者面积相当,基本上维持了耕地的动态平衡;1986～1996年间盐生植被的顺向演替与逆向演替面积相当,海域造陆速度明显高于蚀退,而1996～2001年间,顺向演替的面积超过逆向演替,造陆速度明显减缓,蚀退面积超过造陆面积,呈现陆地萎缩的趋势;15年间建设用地迅速增加,1996～2001年间比1986～1996年间增长速度更快,使建设用地面积由1986年的第6位,上升为1996年的第3位,到2001年仅次于耕地处于第2位。

Land use/land cover evolution in recent wetlands in the modern Yellow River Delta

Based on digital land cover maps of 1986,1996,2001, land use/land cover evolution was studied on macro-scale over ARC/INFO platform. Of all the land cover types,cultivated land area was the largest in the last 15 years. It implies that agricultural production is at the forefront of all land uses over the last 15-year period. Cultivated land area decrease outweighs increase from 1986 to 1996,while a near equal cultivated land area decrease and increase is observed from 1996 to 2001. This means that cultivated land area equilibrium prevails for the recent 5 years. The area with favorable halophilous vegetation succession is nearly equal to that with inverse succession from 1986 to 1996. Land formation outweighs land degradation in this period. From 1996 --2001, favorable land evolvement is stronger than the inverse,but land formation rate is slower while land degradation area is more than that of land formation. During the last 15 years,construction land area has increased greatly. The increasing rate of construction land area for 1996 -- 2001 outweighs that for 1986--1996. Construction land area ranks third in 1996 ,second in 2001 rising from the sixth place in 1986.