薄壳山核桃品种莫克的引种与试栽表现

薄壳山核桃品种莫克是美国农业部农业研究局(USDA)对Success×Mahan杂交组合的后代进行栽培、选择后,于1965年正式公开推出的优良品种。20世纪80年代,江苏省中国科学院植物研究所从美国德克萨斯州将其引进并繁殖,通过多年的品种比较和区域试验,结果表明,莫克是适合苏南丘陵地区栽植的早实丰产优良品种,具有果形大、出仁率高、早实等特性,大小年现象较明显。该品种生长势强,坚果于10月中旬成熟,属于中熟品种;果实椭圆形,果形指数1.79,平均单果质量11.3 g,出仁率59%,含油率65.77%;种仁金黄色至浅褐色,风味香甜。2013年11月通过江苏省林木品种审定委员会良种认定(编号:苏R-ETS-CI-014-2013)。

Introduction and Acclimatization Report of A Pecan Cultivar Mohawk

Mohawk was selected from a cross between Success and Mahan by USDA at the Pecan Field Station in Brownwood,Texas,and released in 1965. It was introduced from Texas State of U.S. to China in 1983 and selected by Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Through variety comparison test and regional test, the results showed that Mohawk is a very fine variety with the features of early bearing and widespread adaptablity for hilly areas in eastern China. The growth potential of the variety is strong, and it matures in middle October. Its nut is oblong. The average fruit weight is about 11.3 g and the fruit shape index is 1.79. The kernel rate is 59% and the oil yield could reach over 65.77%. Kernels golden to light brown, sweet flavor. Better in shape, high rate of kernel, early bearing, but not stable yield. Mohawk was passed through the appraisal of trees variety approval committee in Jiangsu Province in November,2013.